Why Did A Stalemate Develop On The Western Front Essays

Why Did A Stalemate Develop On The Western Front Essays Why Did A Stalemate Develop On The Western Front Paper Why Did A Stalemate Develop On The Western Front Paper World war: How the Stalemate was developed In this piece of work I will be exploring the events between the start of the world war and Christmas 1914 and Ill be looking on how the stalemate developed. With the Schlieffen plan a wash at the onset of the war and the resulting race to the sea leaving the opposing sides on an unending series of trench-building marathons until they were lined up from the Alps in the south to the North Sea in the north. With the complete and almost idiotic reasoning of high command to send wool-clad men against well-protected, well-sighted, machine-guns, barbed wire and later armoured barbed-wire, heavy artillery, and long-range accurate rifle fire the life span of a soldier was measured in seconds during some battles. With the defence heavy technologies of the time coupled with lack of innovation and advancement by the offense side the battles that may last for months having huge losses and maybe yards are the only gains. Germany in Belgium Germany aim was to attack France and pull them out of the War because by doing this Germany think they would have won the war in a midst of a couple of months. Germany couldnt go straight through France because heavily allies defended the Franco-German borders. The Schlieiffen plan had to be put to work. Germany thought they will be able to march through Belgium and Luxembourg to quickly knock France out of the war; they have done it before they will do it again. They would think that Russia would take time mobilise; it was an all-or-nothing gamble. The main route through Belgium would be through the flat plains of Flanders; 34 divisions would be use to march through Belgium and 8 divisions would be used to hold back the German advance from the German borders. The main place that German was aiming for was Paris; if Paris was surrounded France would have been able to fight back but wouldnt have success. German knew that Russia could take up to 6 weeks to mobilise their army and Germany knew that they had 6 weeks to go through Belgium to get to France. The only problem with the Schlieffen was that Germany depended on the action of the other four countries (France, Russia, Britain and Russia). If the Schlieffen plan was not followed all hell would break lose. Germany marched into Belgium but Germany was not so lucky because Belgium gathered all there soldiers and try to stop the German advance. The Belgiums knew that Germany was twice their size but they put up a resistance from there frontier forts which was bombed by Germans. Belgium had hide themselves in underground tunnels were they waited for the German but the Germans had bomb these tunnels killing many Belgium soldiers. But this brought time for the British and French Army to mobilise. The Battle of Mons The British Expeditionary Force deployed in the fields of Belgium, led by Sir John French. The BEF moved into position in front of Mons creating a line along the Mons-Condi Canal, they were just to the left of the French fifth Army. The BEF dug in along the side of the Mons Canal awaiting the advancing Germans, who were marching through Belgium following the Schlieffen Plan. After the defeat earlier by the Germans General Charles Lanrezac, asked French to hold their position along the canal for 24 hours while French and the BEF fell back. On the 23rd August the BEF were attacked by the German first Army. The German Infantry were advance was repelled by the British Infantry, the sustained a very large losses; almost 1600 British Soldiers were killed and wounded. But with the French Plan 17 abandoned the French force retreated to defend Paris but found that Germany were in Paris they tried their hardest to push Germany back. British also had no other alternative but to retreat as well. If the French had hold their position along the canal they may have been able to push the German advance back and not lose so many soldiers, they may have been able to defeat German. But Germany may have brought more troops in from Germany. The Battle of Marne The French were on defensive in September 1914 but the German were not doing well either. The German Supreme Moltke had to pull out 100,000 troops from the army advance from Paris because they found out that Russia had mobilise quicker than supposed to and had already invaded Germany. This was proved that the British and French were needed. Another problem that had sprung up within the German force was that their advance had been so fast that their food and ammunition couldnt keep up. The German soldiers were unfed and really exhausted. The German commander, Von Kluck couldnt go round Paris as it was planned because the further they get away from their border line the less supply that would be about to get to them. So they decided to advance straight towards it. While the German Advanced on no other choice that foot, the French diverted troops to Paris by railway and then they were put on the front, some of them were transported by taxi. The Germany army couldnt hold it any longer they were weary and overstretched. British and French forces combined were able to stop the German army along the River Marne. The British and the French had counter attacked and pushed the Germans back to the river Aisne, but they couldnt drive them out of France entirely. The Race to the Sea The Battle of Marne was a turning point, for all 3 countries. The best known Plan (Schlieffen) had failed and Germany was caught up in a two-front war. The German general realised that they couldnt break through the enemy lines; Moltke was replaced by commander Falkenhayn who decided the best way to get to your enemy lines was to outflank them his enemy lines. The German were digging in to guard themselves from the advancing allies. The charge went on 12th October. This became the race to the sea. The Germans charged west towards to the sea. Each army tried to outflank the other to achieve the benefit, the British and French moved troops to block the Germans whenever it seems like they are about to attempted to break through. The First Battle of Ypres The battle of Ypres was in Belgium, this was one of the key battles in the race to the sea. Still trying to break through each others trench line, from the 12th October to 11th November 1914 the BEF lost around 50,000 men and the Germans lost around 100,000; but the British held the important ground-they kept the control of the English Channel Ports which meant they could be supplied with equipments and reinforcements. By November 1914 there was a deadlock, the BEF had been slaughtered. The French had already suffered around 1 million dead or wounded in just 10 weeks. Despite all this happenings, the French army tried to break through the German lines in Artois and Champagne in December but they were beaten badly back with heavy losses. As 1914 ends, the fighting had reach stalemate which was to last until 1918. Digging Trenches The reason of why trenches were built was to prove them cover from their enemy snipers and shell bombs. Trenches stretched from the sea (the English Channel) to the west of the Alps in Switzerland this was known has the Western Front. The trenches were dug at seven feet deep and six feet wide, they had to put it in a zigzag pattern to prevent the enemy from shooting in a straight line. The space between the opposing on the Western Front was between 100 and 300 yards apart. On the Eastern Front and Middle East the areas on the battlefield was too vast and the distance from the factory that sells shells, bullets, concrete and barbed wire was so great that the trench warfare in the European style was not eventuate. There were three standard ways to dig a trench: entrenching, sapping and tunnelling. Entrenching, where a man would stand on the surface and dig downwards, was most efficient as it allowed a digging party to dig the length of the trench simultaneously. However, entrenching left the diggers exposed above ground and hence could only be carried out when free of observation such as in a rear area or at night. Sapping involved extending the trench by digging away at the end face. The diggers were not exposed but only one or two men could work on the trench at a time. Tunnelling was like sapping except that a roof of soil was left in place while the trench line was established then removed when the trench was ready to be occupied. The guidelines for British trench construction stated that it would take 450 men 6 hours (at night) to complete 250 metres of a front line trench system. Thereafter the trench would require constant maintenance to prevent deterioration caused by weather or shelling. Types of Weapons The types of weapons used in 1914 were things like machine guns which could cause a lot of damage and kill soldiers in the open, they could fire up to 600 bullets a minute, machine guns were deemed to be a mass destruction. Artillery was the new and upgraded cannon they could fire up to 170 million shells in that time. But the Germans have different plans, the German Scientist have been planning the biggest artillery ever known, its name was Big Bertha it was so powerful it can fire at the heart of Paris from 120 kilometres away. The shells were also upgraded. Instead of the ordinary shells, they had high-explosive shells which were thin casing and full of tiny lead pellets. This was so effective that it killed hundreds and thousands of men; it also blew of the ground which made hiding more difficult for the soldiers. Gas Grenades were very effective weapon; they were highly toxic and could kill someone in a instant. There were 3 main gas grenades. The first was Chlorine gas which was used in the Battle of Ypres, the second Phosgene gas and the third was Mustard gas. This burned the lungs of the inhaler leaving them to die in agony. Gas masks were issued to everyone in the country, but they werent so useful and many people died. Transportation greatly increased, as more troops were needed at battlefields and other places. British forces used everything from trains to Lorries and even taxis. They transported 500 men in 1914; 250 taxis took the reserve troops to the Battle of Marne and thousands of lorries were used to transport troops to Verdun in 1916. Tanks were known as The Chariots of God at First, they were giant blocks of metal that could carry 1-2 personnel and travelled at about 5 kilometres per hour. But scientists and developers kept making new and improved tanks and by 1918 the Anglo-American Mark 8th could carry up to 8 men, and at the same time fire 208 shells and up to 13,000 bullets. Although these beasts were powerful, they were not so reliable. Most broke down and a good example is the battle of Amiens. The British sent 525 tanks, and after four days, only 25 were left in working order. Rolls Royce also joined in the development of these tanks, by building their own armoured car! It could travel up to 88 kilometres and had 8mm machine guns. Planes were the new types of weapons use in advanced technological warfare. They had everything from mini scout planes to huge blimp like bombers called Zeppelins. Air warfare was not seen as important as any other type so it did not have its own category. Conclusion I think Germany invading Belgium is the most responsible for the stalemate, because if German hadnt invaded Belgium they wouldnt have gone through a series of Battles. German trust a plan that was made quite sometime ago which relied of the actions on the other countries around them which may have been different like it was. But if Belgium just let Germany thorough there country then Germany could have captured Paris quickly enough and kicked them out of the war and the war may have been finished by Christmas. But one different move may have changed the whole history of this from a 4 year war to a 5 months war. I think because of the actions of both Germany and Belgium the war was at stalemate. Belgium was a neutralised country they werent on any side so there wouldnt have been a problem with German forces marching through their country?

Free Essays on Edward Taylor

. Here is great literature that will repay slow examination, or even better, reading aloud.... Free Essays on Edward Taylor Free Essays on Edward Taylor Edward Taylor (1642-1729) was a New England Puritan. He was born in Leicestershire and became a school teacher with Puritan sympathies. After the Great Ejection, Taylor left England, studied divinity at Harvard, and eventually became minister of Westfield, Massachusetts. Taylor was a colleague of Increase Mather and Charles Chauncey, and corresponded with Richard Baxter and other divines in England. He carried on a long-running controversy with Solomon Stoddard over the Lord's Supper, Taylor taking the position later held by Edwards. Donald Stanford says, "Taylor seems to have been endowed with most of those qualities usually connoted by the word puritan. He was learned, grave, severe, stubborn, and stiff-necked. He was very, very pious. But his piety was sincere. It was fed by a long continuous spiritual experience arising, so he felt, from a mystical communion with Christ. The reality and depth of this experience is amply witnessed by his poetry." A perusal of his poetry shows that Taylor was a thorough going Calvinist. It was his custom to write a poem ("Meditation") before each Lord's Supper. They are wonderful examples of spiritual experience and devotion. Here is Reformed theology in beautiful dress. The reader who loves Puritan sermons should welcome a chance to dive into this feast of Puritan poetry. They have been minimally edited, but do not be put off by the old spelling or unfamiliar words. Here is great literature that will repay slow examination, or even better, reading aloud....

The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci - Essay Example Actually, Mona Lisa was not also famous until nineteenth century when some of the artists who were believed to be in a symbolist movement began appreciating it. This portrait has been in existence for many years that even the artists wonder. This is one of the reasons as to why a lot of speculation is being carried out concerning Mona Lisa. Subject and title According to the researches carried out by various artists, the name given to Leonardo da Vinci’s portrait belonged to one of the members of the Gherardini family. This family comprised of Tuscany, Florence and a very wealthy merchant’s wife by then. This portrait was actually meant for the celebration of their second born and their new home. There are those artists who do not also agree to this concept and are arguing out that the name was derived from an Italian word â€Å"Madonna† which means â€Å"my lady†. Though these ideological differences tend to exist among artists, the fact remains that the name was from the Gherardini family (Claire, 425). This is so because of the ascertainment of identity that was made at the University of Heidelberg. Aesthetics A pyramid design was used by Leonardo to put Mona Lisa calmly in the space of the art. The folded hands of Mona Lisa make the uppermost corner of the pyramid. The glow of light on her hands tends to be in the same model with that of the neck and breast. The same light provides an underlying geometric spheres and circles to the variety of living surfaces. By doing this kind of setting, Leonardo wanted to make a good visual impression to the observers. The portrait of Mona Lisa seems a live to most of the views or observers. Leonardo achieved this by not drawing or including outlines in his painting. Researches show that Leonardo was the first artist to use the aerial perspective whereby Mona Lisa in the painting is portrayed to be seated in a loggia that is open and with dark pillars. The background of the portrait was also d esigned in a way that may artist think to be a Chinese style. Mona Lisa actually a portrait that speaks out some of the traits in relation to its design. The smile on her face actually shows that she is a woman that is full of joy and intelligent. On the other hand, the posture at which she sits also shows how she is in a cool and free atmosphere. Leonardo achieved all these by the colors he used on the portrait. Each color had its effect on the picture and this is one of Leonardo’s success tips. Frame In history, Mona Lisa has been into many frames of difference materials. This is because the portrait underwent some warping because it changed with humidity (Kemp, 302). The warping was mainly experience during the World War II. Mona Lisa was fitted in beech crosspieces in the year 1951 but this did not prevent it from warping as the crosspieces were infested with insects after some time. After testing all the materials, the portrait was later fitted into a metallic frame that prevented it from warping. The frame in this case acts as a protector to the portrait as it prevents breakage. Even though the frames were fitted one after the other, no part of the portrait was trimmed and this was to maintain the originality of the portrait. Conclusion All the three parts

Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Plan - Essay Example Wedding photography is an important commercial undertaking that provides jobs for many people. Many wedding ceremonies are all about spending money; therefore, many couples are willing to spend an extra amount just to have a great event. Conducting a wedding in a beautiful unique place might cost a bit more but would sit in well with the idea of a great wedding. The photographs taken on beautiful sceneries will serve as great memories for couples throughout their entire lives (Etienne 2011). Photos taken in a different location, for example a foreign country can bring unforgettable memories to the couple. For this case, having some wedding photographs taken in Miami for Chinese couples, would bring out a different view to their wedding photos due to the change in location. An individual has to analyze and evaluate the market before entering into a new venture. In order to sell this new idea to different couples, several steps can be taken. A wide range of promotions and advertising s trategies can be used. These include use of yellow pages to advertise the business where interested clients can call a designated business number for the wedding photography services. Placing advertisements for the business in the Public press such as, newspapers and magazines can also be utilized. Internet marketing can be used, where the advertisements can be placed in various websites to be viewed by those browsing the global network. Social media can be used, where a page on Facebook or Twitter is created to involve friends and their acquaintances to view the business. Preparing business cards and setting an office could also help attract customer who may require wedding photography services. To ensure that customers are drawn by the services provided, there is need to showcase the different photography work that has previously been completed (Das). For a couple to go along with the idea of having some of their wedding photography in a foreign country, one has to provide adequat e merits that will capture their attention, making them buy into the idea. Firstly, one can sell the idea on grounds of being unique. In this case, Miami has beautiful beaches and the tropical feel would be unforgettable. This would be deemed as a unique experience. The photography services are supposed to be of the highest quality. Secondly, one has to prove that the idea is viable and explain all the procedures to be followed. Travelling to a different country comes with procedures and rules that have to be followed. Thirdly, the price should be favourable since exorbitant prices would render them disinterested. The prices should be customer friendly depending on the photography services provided. However, all this depends on the couple’s preference and the customers should always get what they paid for (Etienne 2011). Obtaining the first customer is usually a big challenge to overcome. An individual should come up with a strategy that will enable the business to attract mo re customers by itself, after providing quality services for the first one. Potential clients consider obtaining a service from individuals who have a great reputation. This can only come from giving the first client a memorable service. After extensive promotion of the idea, it becomes easier to obtain the first client (Etienne 2011). Networking with the first clients can prove to be a great idea since

Louis Vuitton in Japan Essay Example for Free

Louis Vuitton in Japan Essay * What has made LV’s business model successful in the Japanese Luxury Market? What has made Louis Vuitton’s business model successful in the Japanese Luxury is foremost due to an aggressive marketing strategy they adopted in the country. Indeed with their heritage, the â€Å"savoir-faire à   la franà §aise†, the constant innovation, the quality of their products as well as an offered lifetime repair guarantees, Louis Vuitton has managed to make its Japanese customers loyal to the brand and succeeded to build its empire in Japan. * What are the opportunities and challenges for LV in Japan? Opportunities: Characteristics of the evolution of ageing Japanese population could be an opportunity for LV, such as wealthier families and older women with increased purchasing power. Moreover, establishing an Internet business, application for smartphones as well as expending a new range of products for men and children could be the next step for further growth in Japanese Luxury market. Challenges: The changes in Japanese society and mindset are the biggest challenge for LV. The new generation doesn’t have the same vision as the previous one, and with the gloomy economic context they are less inclined to tolerate high prices that had formerly created desirability. Moreover, the entry of fast fashion brand as ZARA, HM, UNIQLO in the Japanese market, offering quality at competitive price shook up the market share of existing luxury companies in Japan. The saturated market in Japan for fashion luxury, the continuous limited editions products and the possible departure of Marc Jacobs could also be pointed out as challenges for Louis Vuitton. * What are the specifics of the Japanese fashion luxury market? Consumer behavior is one of the biggest specific of the Japanese fashion luxury market. The Japanese way of consumption is different from the Western one, as they are known to be a group-oriented culture in which there was a real pressure to possess luxury brands, their way of consuming them seems more like a compulsory form of social expression. And with adapted marketing strategies successful luxury brand had made the Japanese luxury market the mass market. Otherwise, Japanese consumer are really sensitive to quality, price, creativity, and high fashion these are key factors for successful brands in the Japanese market. * How did LV enter into the Japanese market originally? What are the other entry strategies adopted later to strengthen its presence? The enter of Louis Vuitton into the Japanese market began in the mid 1970’s thanks to the Vuitton-Racamier family who had focused mainly on building a Japanese clientele. Louis Vuitton opted for a new strategy by opening its own shop-in-shops in Japan without the help of a Japanese distributor. LV turned out to be a pioneer in establishing its own subsidiary and exporting products directly from France to Japan. Otherwise hiring a local CEO and managers to lead LV in Japan allowed the brand to conduct the business more efficiently believing they are more able to make market-driven decision, as they are able to better understand the local people. Moreover, by offering architectural stores with an interior design comparable to that found in its flagship stores in Paris, LV has been able to revolutionize the whole purchasing experience in store matching the emotion brought out by the products. In order to strengthen its presence in Japan LV opted for several others strategies, such as hiring Marc Jacob who had created a new energy for each ready-to-wear collection, mixing tradition and innovation but also by collaborating with Japanese artists (Takashi Murakami, Rei Kawakubo, Jun Aoki) and launching limited editions products (exclusivity perceive by the costumer) that enable LV to increase its profit right away. * Will LV have any new challenges arise due to the global financial crisis? How does it overcome the new challenges? As said previously there is a shift in Japanese consumer preferences and it is even more highlighted due to the global financial crisis. Indeed, the days of charging a high price for products with a proprietary logo seemed to be gone in Japan. In this time of recession even Japanese consumers are becoming more aware of the value of money. Moreover, counterfeiting appeared even in the Japanese market where quality is one of the key factors in the act of purchasing luxury goods and it became a huge challenge for LV. Now that the fake bags are hard to distinguished from the genuine ones, Japanese consumer will buy fake LV bags that they will use for everyday life, even though they own authentic that they will save for special occasions. Though there was sustained slowdown in the demand for luxury goods in 2008-2009 due to the global recession, the Japanese luxury market would remain a healthy and growing industry and strategic decisions can overcome these challenges. On one hand LV decided to lower its prices, in fact they had made a seven per cent price reduction on its range of products. On the other hand LV designated Kiyotaka Fujii a new chief executive officer (CEO), which is the first change in the Japanese management team. This change in management enable the brand to have a new vision and new ideas such as expanding the range of products for children, sales of smaller products (wallets, sunglasses†¦), spreading business on the web, expanding its strategies and opening new stores in mid-size cities where the brand is not well-know.

The Flawed King in Shakespeares Henry V Essay -- Henry IV Henry V Ess

The Flawed King in Shakespeare's Henry V To turn Henry V into a play glorifying war or a play condemning war would be to presume Shakespeare's intentions too much. He does both of these and more in his recount of the historical battle of Agincourt. Although Shakespeare devotes the play to the events leading to war, he simultaneously gives us insight into the political and private life of a king. It is this unity of two distinct areas that has turned the play into a critical no man's land, "acrimoniously contested and periodically disfigured by opposing barrages of intellectual artillery" (Taylor 1). One may believe that Henry is the epitome of kingly glory, a disgrace of royalty, or think that Shakespeare himself disliked Henry and attempted to express his moral distaste subtly to his audience. No matter in which camp one rests, Henry V holds relevance for the modern stage. Despite containing contradictions, Henry is also a symbol as he is one person. This unity of person brings about the victory in the battle of Agi ncourt. The theme of unity transcends any ambiguity found in Henry's character or motives. This theme is evident in many areas of Henry V, but for the sake of this article, the importance of this theme is discussed between play and audience, and within Henry himself. This production of Henry V proposes that these two aspects be emphasized to show how Shakespeare's play has a message for modern theatergoers. The setting and age are left the same, as this adds to the validity of the play. Henry and his army are victorious at the battle of Agincourt. England and France are united, and Henry reigns supreme for the time being. An obstacle to overcome when directing Henry V is that it is affirmative l... ... and ambiguity. Shakespeare uses the ironies found in the play so that we will remember his play's limits. It cannot produce an ideal, nor can we as an audience. Works Cited Beauman, Sally, ed. The Royal Shakespeare Company's Centenary Production of Henry V. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1976. Bloom, Harold. Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human. New York: Riverhead Books, 1998. Iser, Wolfgang. Staging Politics: The Lasting Impact of Shakespeare's Histories. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993. Shakespeare, William. "Henry V." The Norton Shakespeare: Histories. Eds. Stephen Greenblatt, Walter Cohen, Jean E. Howard, and Katherine Eisaman Maus. London: Norton, 1997. 726-795. Taylor, Gary, ed. Henry V: The Oxford Shakespeare. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982. Traversi, D.A. An Approach to Shakespeare. Vol. 1. New York: Anchor Books, 1969.

Creating a computer system Essay

1. 1 Introduction Wooten Basset Rugby Club, are a rugby club in the Swindon area, whom play 15 a side rugby union. They put out a numbers of teams each week ranging from junior levels, senior teams and women’s rugby. Of my concern is the U-16s, whom would like to computerise a number of tasks and have a reference for relevant data including player and parent information. In any particular season there will be between 20 and 30 players at the club. These players are trained by the head coach and around three other coaches all of whom are made up of parents of the players. The head coach is responsible for much of the current administrative work. 1. 2 Current System Currently all tasks for the club are carried out manually. For example when organising a match against a rival team a letter is written specifically for each player. With as many as 30 players at the club, this is tiring and tedious work. Data is currently stored in files kept at the head coach’s house. This system of holding information has become unreliable as over the history of the team players have moved on or changed their details. When this occurs due to time constraints, addresses for example are often added to rather than modified creating two distinct addresses complicating matters when important letters need to be sent. In the past when players have left their file has not been removed leaving large amounts of useless information. All of this complicates matters when searching for data making the process longer and increasingly unreliable. Among the squad of players, each player has his own specific needs. For example different players require different training methods such as fitness or tactics. With many players and few coaching staff it becomes difficult to organise. Currently this is organised through memory which is difficult due to the above reasons. The current system has no scope for evaluating players from teams the club faces. No data is kept on players from other teams like their scoring or disciplinary records. They can therefore not assess before a fixture which players are a danger and tactics suffer. Scoring and disciplinary data is stored on paper kept in files. This data is again not well managed and prone to being lost making analysing a player’s progress somewhere between difficult and impossible. Also they are unable to see which players are the top scorers or most ill disciplined. Money management is also a problem. Fees used to pay math officials are deducted form the fees paid by players. This is organised by the coaches, however often players miss this payment and the referee’s payment is short. Yet with at least 15 players playing in every match records of owes money are not kept and this information is simply forgotten. 1. 3 Interview Summary In order to create this system it was important that I conduct an interview with one of the end users for the system. This will give a good outline of the requirements for the system. The interview was with the head coach whom will be the predominant user of the system. From the interview this is an outline of what the new system will have to achieve: Â  Produce template letters for a number of issues. These letters include Match details, which will tell players about a match its date, venue and other relevant information. Invitation letter to other clubs inviting them to a match. Player and parent data. Store contact details about players and parents. Â  Statistics. Store statistics on players including points scored, tries and appearances. Â  Team information. Store details on rival teams such as contact details. Fixtures. Store fixture information including scores, dates and venues. Â  Ability to see reports on players from the club. Â  An ability to track membership payments. The system must indicate whether a players has paid his membership for that season. Â  Create leagues of the club’s leading scorers and those with the worst disciplinary records. Â  Store data about what type of training each player is on. For example some players may have fitness training or others forwards training. Monitor finances for each fixture. For each fixture a player has to pay a fee of i 2. Other important points taken from the interview: Â  System must be as automated as possible as user wants system to save him time. Simple user interface. Several of the coaches whom will use the system have very little knowledge of computers and will struggle with a complicated system. Â  System will be run from head coach’s lap top computer and therefore not need any network capabilities. Head coach has copies of Microsoft Access already stored on his computer. IT experience consists only of use of Microsoft applications. Â  Data on fixtures and statistics only to be kept for one season at a time. After this period data will be deleted and new record will be kept. Â  Hold data relating to tournament and determine the club’s progress in these tournaments. 1. 4 Data Requirements From the interview it has become apparent that I will need to store a considerable amount of data. I have divided this data into the following groups: Players, Fixtures, Rivals, Rival Players, Players-Fixtures and Rival Players-Fixtures. A primary key will be used in every case to uniquely identify each record, these are marked by these symbols, < and >. PLAYERS deals with data relating to players such as membership and contact details: – A unique code used to identify each player. Each Membership code is made up of three numbers and a letter. The letter represents the age group, as this letter only deals with one age group each membership code will have the letter, E. For example, 001E Name – Christian and Surname only Parent – Store parent’s name for contact details. Address1 – Store first line of a player’s address. Address2 – Store second line of a player’s address where applicable. Postcode Training-What type of training the player is on. User will only be able to select from these values: Fitness, Backs, Forwards or General. Telephone Number Membership Paid – Whether a player has paid membership fees for current year or not. FIXTURES handles data revolving each fixture played or to be played: – Identifies each fixture uniquely as some fixture may be against the same team. Team Code – Determines which team is to be played or has been played Team Score – Score for Wooten Bassett, null if not played. Rival Score – Score for rival, null if not played. Tournament Code – Foreign key which identifies which tournament a fixture belongs to. Friendly fixtures will be determined by a specific code. Date Venue – Select from either home or away. Round – Determines which round of the competition, for example first round or semi final. RIVALS holds data on teams played by the rugby club, this includes contact details: – Each team will be assigned a unique in case of two teams having the same name. Team Name – Name of each rival team. Telephone Address1 – First line of each team’s address. Address2 – Second line of each team’s address if applicable. City Postcode Directions – Description of how to reach rival club. PLAYERS-FIXTURES relates to the actions of players in each fixture, this includes scores and disciplinary information: – Used to identify player for which record is stored. – Identifies which fixture record relates to. Tries – Number of tries scored by a particular player in each fixture. Penalties – All penalty kicks converted by a player in a fixture. Drop Kicks – All drop kicks scored by a player in a fixture. Disciplinary – Whether a player was disciplined in a fixture and what level of action, a yellow card for example. Fee Owed -The amount paid will be displayed from. TOURNAMENT holds data relating to tournaments the clubs plays in: – Unique code which identifies each tournament. Winner – Eventual winner of tournament. 1. 5 Entity Relationship Diagram This diagram of how data will be kept in the new system. The Players-Fixtures data store will link Players and Fixtures together. It will store data relating to what a particular player does in each game. Each record will be identified by using a player’s membership code and the corresponding fixture code, these two foreign keys will create a composite key. Each player may have played in many fixtures and therefore have many records in Players-Fixtures. This creates a one to many relationship between, Players and Players-Fixtures. Similarly many records in Players-Fixtures may relate to one fixture and so a one to many relationship exists between Fixtures and Players-Fixtures. The Rival Players-Fixtures data store is similar to Players-Fixtures, however it stores data about rival players as opposed to players for Wooten Bassett rugby club. Each record will be uniquely identified using the foreign keys of rival player code to determine which player, and fixture code to determine the fixture. Again a one to many relationship exists between Fixtures and Rival Players-Fixtures as one fixture may have many related records in Rival Players-Fixtures. Each Rival Player may have many records in Rival Players-Fixtures as they have played in many fixtures, a one to many relationship will exist here. Wooten Bassett will face many different rival clubs with many different Rival Players. Therefore Rivals will store data about all rival clubs and each record will be uniquely identified by team code. Rival Players will store data will store data about all the players who play for these clubs will be identified by the rival player code. To determine which player plays for which club Rival Players will have the foreign key Team code. This means many Rival Players can play for one club, again a one to many relationship will exist here. Each fixture will be against one of the teams detailed in Rivals. In order to identify which team is being played the foreign key, team code from Rivals will be used. One Rival may play in many fixtures creating a one to many relationship from Rivals to Fixtures. Tournament holds data relating to competitive fixtures. Therefore one tournament will have many records in fixtures, and again a one to many relationship is present. 1. 6 Data Flow Diagrams 2 Design 2. 1 System Design. The system will be divided into five entities described in Analysis. These are Players, Rivals, Fixtures, Players-Fixtures and Tournament. 2. 2 Attribute Design Following are description of all the attributes to be stored in the system: 2. 3 Form Design In order for the user to interact with the system, it must be presented in a user friendly interface. Within Access this is done using forms and reports, each form should allow the user to easily understand the information and be able to perform sufficient actions such as adding or deleting data. Following are the forms required by the system: 1. frmFixtures. This form will deal with all the actions relating the handling of data with fixtures. Here the user will be able to add, alter or delete any records from the Fixtures table. For example if a new fixture has been organised then the user can use the Add Fixture button to add a fixture to the schedule. Also changes to the date for example can be made. In order to maintain the consistency of data validation is being used. The FixtureCode attribute is updated automatically as an auto number preventing the user from making mistakes. Also a TeamCode will be selected from a combo box so a user cannot enter a team that does not exist. Also only two values will be able to be entered into the Home/Away attribute, home or away. To simplify the user’s navigation of the system a combo box at the top of the form allows the user to select any existing record quickly. 2. frmPlayers The Players form works on a similar principle to the Fixtures form. There are button to add and delete Player records and there is also a combo box to allow the user to navigate through the system. For validation the training attribute uses a combo box to ensure the user enters the correct value and an input mask controls the MembershipNumber, so that data is entered in the appropriate format. 3. frmRivals Again the Rivals form works in a similar fashion to Players and Fixtures. Buttons on the right control adding and deleting functions and a combo box is used for navigation. Validation is ensured by using an auto number data type to automatically update the TeamCode attribute. 4. frmTournament The tournament form works exactly the same as the previous forms, with add and delete buttons clearly labelled and a combo box for navigation. The TournamentCode attribute does not require input as it is an auto number ensuring validation. 5. frmFixture Statistics This form is directly different form the previous forms. In this form a user can manipulate data in the Players-Fixtures entity. The user can view specific fixtures through a combo box, when a fixture is selected it will open a sub form containing all the data about the players whom played in that match. Here new data can be added about a fixture or incorrect data can be corrected. The FixtureCode and MembershipNumber attributes will be controlled by a combo box, eliminating user error and the consistency of the data. 2. 4 Query Design For the system to perform the function required of it queries are used to extract the precise data from the database. Â  

What Is the Secret to Long Life?

What is the secret to long life? The secret to long life all depends on how we take care of our own bodies. After taking my test on Blue zone I saw many bad habits that got in the way of me living longer. According to Blue zones Vitality quiz my biological age was two years older than what I really was. My life expectancy wasn’t as high as many other peers of mine that took the quiz. MY life expectancy age was 79. 2. If I fix my bad habits its more likely those 19. 4 years will be added to my life expectancy age.My life expectancy ages were this low because of the habits I have that are not good for my body as I get older. One big problem that I have is I’m most of my time. Blue zone recommended that I should battle my feelings of stress by talking it over, exercising, eating right and getting enough sleep. I also learned that anxiety can because you skin becomes pale, heart rate increase and muscles to tense up. When I get an anxiety the best way to control it is to ju st recognize signs of anxiety and then take a walk or breathe in deeply.Another bad habit is that I don’t eat as many vegetables as my body should be getting. Blue zones recommended that if I was offered a hamburger and vegetables, it makes more sense to get the vegetables which are better for my eye health. A scientific study was done and concluded that that people who ate the highest amount of yellow and dark green, leafy vegetables had a reduced chance of developing blindness. ON the other hand o also needs to enjoy some fruits.In my quiz it stated that people who have diets rich in fruits and vegetables lower their risk of Alzheimer and dementia by 30%. Since I’m a college student I do get a lot of fast food. I need to eat healthier and eat food with fewer calories. It hard for me to stay away from the junk food since it seems so appealing comparing it to the healthy food. But my health is important and the best way to get my body healthy is to avoid foods on high fructose syrup and becoming aware of what I put in my body. My body needs exercise, healthier food and emotional control of anxiety and anger.

Handmaids Tale Essays - The Handmaids Tale, Free Essays

Handmaid's Tale Essays - The Handmaids Tale, Free Essays Handmaid's Tale The nature of Offreds lost identity is very drastic. Before the new religious group of Gilead took over the world she was a very normal every day woman. She did what was expected of her time and continued to do so after the take over. She had a husband and a daughter who she loved very much. But the new society which she lives in love is not permitted. If I thought that this would happen again I would die. But this is wrong, nobody dies from lack of sex. Its lack of love we die from. Theres nobody here I can love, all the people I could love are dead or elsewhere . Offred also had the choice of free will before her civilization changed. But then slowly women began to lose all of their rights and were no longer allowed to have jobs or even to use money, Sorry, he said. This number is not valid. Thats ridiculous, I said. It must be, Ive got thousands in my account. Its not valid, he repeated obstinately. See that red light? Means its not valid,(p.164). In the days of anarchy, it was freedom to. Now you are being given freedom from (p.24). Social class was not a racial matter before the take over; and each individual was treated equally. However, slowly people of high social groups became much more powerful. They were chosen as Commanders and the poorer individuals went to the Colonies; which were farming communities. Young woman were screened, and the ones with viable ovaries were used as Handmaids; and became bedridden slaves. These Handmaids had children for the infertile Commanders wives. They would be sent away to special schools where they were taught how to give birth; and also to obey their masters without question. You can always practice, said Aunt Lydia. Several sessions a day, fitted into your daily routine. Arms at the sides, knees bent, lift the pelvis, roll the backbone down. Tuck. Again. Breathe in to the count of five, hold, expel (p.66). The womans lives were controlled by this society; and were taught to forget th e society which they once lived. Things that once were, no longer existed. The circumstances which led to the lost identity of Offred happened very abruptly. The first sign of change in her society was when her Constitution was suspended. It was said that it would only be temporary, but that was not the truth. People had no idea what to do; and looked anywhere for some kind of guidance. Eventually newspapers and television became very censored, for what was said to be security reasons. Then came the roadblocks, and Identipasses which were greatly approved by society, The road blocks began to appear, and Identipasses. Everyone approved of that, since it was obvious that you couldnt be too careful(p.163). No one tried to fight the changes because they did not understand what was occurring, There wasnt even any rioting in the streets. People stayed home at night, watching television, looking for some direction (p.163). There were rumors that new elections were to take place, for the new Constitution. However, this would take a very long process to prepare for. Streets were cleaned up, and prostitution disappeared, They said that new elections would be held, but that it would take some time to prepare for them. The thing to do, they said, was to continue on as usual (p.163). Then finally one day everything changed. Woman were no longer allowed to hold jobs, or even buy groceries. People were shipped off to a place called the Colonies, and others went elsewhere. Things happened so quickly that no one even saw it coming. The consequences of the lost identity in The Handmaids Tale, were not as severe as one would have expected. Offred was a very reasonable woman who easily adapted to the changes. Her greatest loss was that of love. The results of this lack of love were several affairs throughout the entire story. Affairs were strictly prohibited in the Gileadian society; however, they were very hard to resist as well. Offred would try to convince herself that these affairs were not about love, simply about a feeling of being wanted: Some

Laura Lee Rose on Career Coaching

Laura Lee Rose on Career Coaching Laura Lee Rose is a career expert and the head of Rose Coaching. She  teaches job seekers both in person and online how to more effectively find a career. She took a moment to discuss why and when you might need a career coach. Why is career coaching so important in the current job market?If you have a coach, you are 95% more likely to achieve your goals. A career coach offers objective assessments and career advancement guidance to help you:Reassess life goals and develop action plansProvide balance between work and lifeStrategize how to deal with stressful situationsMake professional and life decisionsPrioritize projects and timelinesImprove business and working relationshipsAvoid urgent situations involving high risks or challengesIdentify core strengths and maximize their potentialSimplify life to reduce stress and increase productivityManage your time  wiselyHow has searching for a job changed over the last few years?In today’s economy, employees are interested in the Total Package. It’s not enough to be technically savvy or an expert in your specific role. Since companies are in the business to make money, you also need to be able to tangibly illustrate how you can make the company money. You need to be able to quantify your performance against the company’s mission and goals. Soft skills, business networking, marketing and lead generation have become important differentials in individual resumes, regardless of the role or job title.What misconceptions about finding a job are you finding out there?The old chronological format is no longer a sufficient resume format. Merely listing previous job titles and task lists will not set you apart from the crowd. Incorporating self-authored short videos, articles, and presentations to quickly illustrate your expertise, personality, and passion for your craft has much more impact.People do business with people they know, like, and trust. Therefore, business networking has also been elevated in finding a job. Social media and LinkedIn applications make it easier to find the right people to connect with.How has technology changed the job search?As mentioned above, you now have multiple ways for prospective employers to get to know you. This is a two-edged sword. While you can show your expertise and promote yourself as an authority in your craft, you can also be caught off-guard. Mixing your professional contacts with your family/friend contacts on Facebook brings along its share of risks.In the old days, it was simpler to keep your private life private. With today’s technology, individuals now need to be mindful of keeping work and personal life both separate and professional.What trends in hiring and human resources should we watch out for?Since many global organizations conduct business via Skype/webcam, teleconferences, and web conference, hiring strategies will start incorporating web conference technology in both their hiring and their  the performance eva luation practices. Since many organizations will be hiring remote employees, more focus will be placed on remote employee procedures and how to better manage/evaluate remote employees.Part of the reference checks will include social media checks as well, which is why I recommend individuals keep their personal and professional social media separate.

The role of Technology, Government, Entrepreneurshipin pre-post world Essay

The role of Technology, Government, Entrepreneurshipin pre-post world war 2 - Essay Example These nations also got into scientific research where by technological, industrial and military weapons discovery and advancement took place. The research aimed at building machinery and weapons to combat threat by enemies. Significant alter in government and political map, radically changed to keep limits on what a territory could do and it could not do in regard to size and capabilities it attained1. This paper discusses the role of technology, government, and entrepreneurship in pre-post World War II. The introduction of Controlled Material Plan led to the distribution of materials to the people who were directly involved in the war. This included the dispersal of weapons and other critical material to the military. The plan also involved distribution of metal like copper, steel and aluminum. This dispersal regulated the demand and supply to industries. The dispersal involved relocation of critical materials regardless the time of request, their form or quantity. The government wa s directly controlling the administration, supervision and manufacturing of these materials back in the manufacturing centers to the heart of a nation’s economy despite the influence of war and desperation. The control and decentralization of CMP took place under an organization created by the government referred to as the pyramid. Government officials chaired the pyramid. They scheduled dispersion of critical materials to the Navy department, War department, maritime commission, economic and trade commission, as well as, the lend-lease administration2 . The new deal involved a series of economic strategies in the domestic level in which programs were created and enacted to the native people. The new deal comprised of a congress and a presidential correspondence, where by, the congress passed laws as the president administered executive orders. As a result, the native people underwent a historic depression in which they responded to the program by advocating economic recovery , poverty and unemployment relief, as well as financial system reform. The people’s cry resulted to political realignment and creation of strategies for the new deal. These strategies involved reforms like formation of democratic parties in different nations, as well as presidential sitting, of up to ten years3. However, the New Deal did not end the depression as Europe and America aided the Allies. The involvement of the America in the bombing Pearl Harbor was a sign of growing stormy clouds of the World War II. In fact, this revitalized threats to the target nations like African Americans, therefore, imposing economic downgrading to these nations. The results from threats, arising from upcoming of the World War II generated crush in the stock markets of nations all over. The governments reaffirmed the corrective objective of the existence of the New Deal by instilling full participation policy. The reaffirming policy required people to involve themselves in the defense make up regardless of race and creed4. The governments in deferent nations imposed martial laws so that they could preserve discipline and moral uprightness in the societies they governed. Presidents imposed martial laws in accordance to the requirements emergency acts declared in the World War II. The martial law act was used during conflicts in occupation cases where civil government provided for unstable populations. Governments used martial laws to detain people who

Law in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Law in Business - Essay Example ding health and safety in the workplace, in order to determine whether a claim should be brought for breach of the legislation instead of a simple claim in negligence. After examining all of the above it should be possible to reach a conclusion with regard to the potential claims of each party, and to advise them on the prospect of bringing a successful action against the employer. In bringing a claim for negligence the plaintiff has to demonstrate that the respondent owed them a duty of care1 and that as a direct result of a breach of that duty they have suffered financial loss or injury. One of the key factors used by the courts in assessing liability is the foreseeability of the event. The court will analyse the circumstances of the incident and then determine from there, whether the respondent ought to have foreseen the outcome, or should have anticipated that such an event might occur. Duty of care was first addressed in Donoghue v Stevenson2. As a result of this case the neighbour test came into existence. This case was important because it established the right of the applicant to bring an action against a manufacturer rather than against the retailer. In recent times the courts have altered the principle into the proximity test. This test was used by the courts in Heaven v Pender3. The plaintiff in this case was able to persuade the court to hold the employer liable for not providing a safe working environment for the plaintiff. The court held that the staging and ropes were not it to be used, and that as a result of that the plaintiff was involved in a serious accident. In summing up Brett MR made the observation that whenever one person is by circumstances placed in such a position with regard to another, that every one of ordinary  sense who did think would at once recognise that if he did not use ordinary care and skill in his own conduct with regard to those circumstances he would cause danger of injury to the person or property of the other, a duty